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micrf112 qw ikradio ? uhf as k/fsk tra n smitter qw ikradio is a registered tradem ark of micrel, inc. micrel inc. ? 2180 fortu ne drive ? san jose, ca 95131 ? usa ? te l +1 (408) 9 44-08 00 ? fax + 1 (408) 474-1000 ? htt p :/ /www.micre l.com march 20 08 m999 9-03 100 8 (408) 94 4-08 0 0 general description the micrf1 12 is a hi gh perfo rman ce, easy to use, singl e chip ask / fsk transmitter ic for remote wireles s appli c ation s in the 300 to 450m hz freq uen cy band. this transmitter ic is a true ?dat a-in, a n te nna-out? m o nolithic device. micrf 112 i s high perfo rmance in three are a s: p o we r delivery, ope rating voltage, and ope ratin g temperature. in terms of po wer, the micrf112 is cap a b le of deliveri ng +1 0 dbm into a 5 0 ? load. th is po we r level enabl es a small form fac t or trans mitter (loss y ante nna ) su ch as a ke y fob transmitter to operate near th e maximum limit of transmissio n regul ation s . in term s of ope rating v o ltage, the micrf1 12 o p e r ate s from 3.6v to 1.8v. many transmitter ics in the same frequ en cy b and stop o p e r ating below 2.0v. the micrf112 will work with most bat teries to the end o f their u s eful lim its. in term s of o perating temperature, the micrf112 op erat es from -40 c to +12 5 c . thi s wi de ope ra ting tempe r at ure ran ge m a ke s micrf 112 an ideal candid a te for the dema nding appli c ation s such a s a tire pre s sure mon i toring sy ste m . the micrf 112 is e a sy to use. one only n eed s a referen c e f r e quen cy (rf carrie r frequ e n cy divid e d by 32 times) ge ne rated from a crystal with a fe w addi tional external pa rts to create a comp lete versatile transmitter. the micrf112 operates with ask/ook (amplitude shift keying/on-off keyed) uhf re ceiver ty pes f r om wid e -ba n d sup e r-re gen e r ative radi os to n a rrow-ba nd, high perfo rman ce su pe r-h eterodyn e receive r s. the micrf 112? s maximum ask data rate i s 50kbps (man ch este r encodi ng ). it ope rate s with fsk receivers a s well. t he ch ip is de sign e d to supp ort narro w ba nd fsk (freque ncy shift modulation) by swit chin g an external cap a cito r in parall e l wit h the refe rence crystal . the micrf 112? s maximum fs k data rate is 10kb p s. fe ature s ? c o mplete uhf transmitter ? freq uen cy ra nge 30 0m hz to 450m hz ? data rates u p to 50kbp s a sk, 10kbp s f sk ? output power to 10dbm ? low exte rnal part count ? low stand by cu rre nt <1a ? low voltag e ope ration (do w n to 1.8v) ? ope r ate with cry s tals o r ce rami c re so nat ors applicati o ns ? remote keyless entry sys t ems (rke) ? rem o te co ntrol (stb, hv ac and appli ances) ? garage doo r open er t r an smitters ? r e mote sensor data link s ? infrare d tra n s mitter repla c em ent ? tire pre s su re monitor sy st em (tpms) ordering inform ation part nu mb er t e mp . ran g e pack ag e micrf 112ym m ?40c to + 1 2 5 c 10-pin mso p
mic r el, inc . micrf 112 march 20 08 2 m999 9-03 100 8 (408) 9 44-0 8 0 0 ty pical a pplic ation figure 1. mic r f112 a s k key fob design note: values in parenthesis are fo r 315mhz
mic r el, inc . micrf 112 march 20 08 3 m999 9-03 100 8 (408) 9 44-0 8 0 0 pin c onfi gur ation x t al_mod fsk 6 5 1 ask xtlin xtlout vss 10 vdd p aou t vssp a en 9 8 7 2 3 4 1 0 - pin msop (m) pin d e s c r i ption pin number mso p -10 pin na me pin f unc tio n 1 ask ask dat a input 2 xlin refere nce osci llator in put con nectio n . 3 xt lo ut refere nce osci llator o u tput co nnecti on. 4 v s s g r o u n d 5 x t al_mo d refere nce osci llatio n mod ulati on port for f sk operati on. 6 fsk fsk data input 7 en chip e n a b le, a c tive hig h 8 vsspa pa ground 9 pa_o u t pa output 10 vdd positive po w e r suppl y
micrel, inc. micrf112 march 2008 4 m9999-031008 (408) 944-0800 absolute maximum ratings (note 1) supply voltage vdd ...................................................+5.0v voltage on paou t......................................................+7.2v voltage on i/o pins ............................ vss?0.3 to vdd+0.3 storage temperature rang e ....................-65c to + 150c lead temperature (soldering, 10 seconds) ............ + 300c esd rating.................................................................note 3 operating ratings (note 2) supply voltage vdd ........................................ 1.8v to 3.6v ambient operating temperat ure (ta) ...... ?40c to +125c programmable transmitter frequency range: ....................................................... 300mhz to 450mhz electrical characteristics (note 4) speci cations apply for vdd = 3.0v, ta = 25c, freq refosc = 13.560mhz, en = vdd. bold values indicate ?40c to 125c unless otherwise noted. 1kbps data rate 50% duty cycle. rl 50ohm load (matched) parameter condition min typ max units power supply standby supply current, iq en = v ss .05 1a a @ 315mhz, p out = +10dbm 12.3 ma mark supply current i on @ 433.92mhz, p out = +10dbm 12.5 ma @ 315mhz 2 ma space supply current, i off @ 433.92 mhz 2 ma rf output section and modulation limits: @315mhz, note 4 10 dbm output power level, p out fsk or ask "mark" @433.92mhz, note 4 10 dbm @ 630mhz, note 4 2nd harm. -39 dbc harmonics output for 315 mhz @945mhz, note 4 3rd harm. -53 dbc @ 867.84mhz, note 4 2nd harm. -55 dbc harmonics output for 433.92 mhz @1301.76mhz, note 4 3rd harm. -55 dbc extinction ratio for ask 70 dbc fsk modulation frequency deviation load capacitor = 10pf, crystal type = hc49/u 22 khz data rate 10 kbps ask modulation data rate 50 kbps @315mhz, note 6 <700 khz occupied bandwidth @433.92mhz, note 6 <1000 khz vco section @ 100khz from carrier -76 dbc/hz 315 mhz single side band phase noise @ 1000khz from carrier -79 dbc/hz @ 100khz from carrier -72 dbc/hz 433.92 mhz single side band phase noise @ 1000khz from carrier -81 dbc/hz reference oscillator section xtlin, xtlout, xtlmod pin capacitance 2 pf external capacitance see schematic c17 & c18 18 pf oscillator startup time note 5 crystal: hc49s 300 s digital / control section output blanking stdby transition from low to high 500 s
micrel, inc. micrf112 march 2008 5 m9999-031008 (408) 944-0800 electrical characteristics (cont.) parameter condition min typ max units high (v ih ) 0.8v dd v digital input (en, ask and fsk) low (v il ) 0.2v dd v high (v ih ) 0.05 a digital input leakage current (en, ask and fsk pins) low (v il ) 0.05 a under voltage lock out (uvlo) 1.6 v note 1. exceeding the absolute maximum rating may damage the device. note 2. the device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating rating. note 3. devices are esd sensitive. handling precautions recommended. human body model, 1.5k in series with 100pf. note 4. measured using te st circuit in figure 2. note 5. dependent on crystal note 6. rbw = 100khz, obw measured at -20dbc.
mic r el, inc . micrf 112 march 20 08 6 m999 9-03 100 8 (408) 9 44-0 8 0 0 te st circ uit f i g u re 2. mic r f 112 t est ci rcu it w i th 50 ? outp u t note 1. values without parenthesi s are for 433 .92 mhz and values in parenthesis are for 315m hz note 2. c9 = 1 0 0 p f for e x te rnal r e f- osc note 3. fo r fsk r1 = 0 ? , r2 = n p , r6 = 100k, an d r5 = np
mic r el, inc . micrf 112 march 20 08 7 m999 9-03 100 8 (408) 9 44-0 8 0 0 a ssem bly d r aw i n g micrf 112 5 0 o h m t est bo ard top la y e r micrf 112 5 0 o h m t est bo ard bottom lay e r micrf 112 5 0 o h m t est bo ard
mic r el, inc . micrf 112 march 20 08 8 m999 9-03 100 8 (408) 9 44-0 8 0 0 ty pical characteri stics usi n g micrf112, 50 ? test board 315m hz o b w, ask = 1k hz 315mh z o b w, ask = 50 khz cw m ax po w e r @ 3v, 3 15mhz, ask = 1kh z, not e 1 rf spec tru m 2 nd harmonic; fundamen t a l at 315 mhz rf spec tru m 3 rd harmonic; fundamen t a l at 315 mhz 315m hz, po w e r lev e l at space, vdd = 3. 0v, ask = 1kh z note 1. 1.2db ca ble loss.
mic r el, inc . micrf 112 march 20 08 9 m999 9-03 100 8 (408) 9 44-0 8 0 0 315m hz, zer o span , ask = 1k hz 315m hz, zer o span, ask = 50 khz 315m hz, pha se noise, ask = 1k hz, 100k hz offs et, ?75.59 dbc/hz 315m hz, pha se noise, ask = 1k hz, 1mhz offse t , ?78.99d bc/ h z 315m hz, pha se noise, ask = cw, 100k hz offs et, ?74.39 dbc/hz 315m hz, pha se noise, ask = cw, 1mhz offse t , ?77.28d bc/ h z
mic r el, inc . micrf 112 march 20 08 10 m999 9-03 100 8 (408) 9 44-0 8 0 0 433.92m hz obw, ask = 1khz 433.92m hz obw, ask = 50khz 433.92m hz, cw m ax po w e r @ 3v, ask = 1kh z, not e 1 rf spec tru m 2 nd harmonic; fundamen t a l at 433.92 m h z rf spec tru m 3 rd harmonic; fundamen t a l at 433.92 m h z 433.92m hz po w e r lev e l at space, vdd = 3. 0v, ask = 1kh z note 1. 1.3db ca ble loss.
mic r el, inc . micrf 112 march 20 08 11 m999 9-03 100 8 (408) 9 44-0 8 0 0 433.92m hz z e ro span, 1k hz 433.92 ask z e ro span at 50k hz 433.92m hz phase noise, ask = cw, 100k hz offs et, ?81.04 dbc/hz 433.92m hz phase noise, ask = cw, 1mhz offse t , ?78.76d bc/ h z 433.92m hz phase noise, ask = 1khz, 100k hz offs et, ?71.73 dbc/hz 433.92m hz phase noise, ask = 1khz, 1mhz offse t , ?81.04d bc/ h z
mic r el, inc . micrf 112 march 20 08 12 m999 9-03 100 8 (408) 9 44-0 8 0 0 functional dia g ra m f i g u re 3. f u n ctio n a l blo ck diag ram mic r f 112 1 0 pin a s k / f s k ve rsio n functi onal de scri p tion figure 3 sh ows a funct i onal blo c k diagram of the micrf 112 t r an smitter. t he micrf11 2 can be b e st descri bed as a pha se lo cked tra n smi tter. the system can be pa rtitioned i n to six fun c tiona l blo c ks; cry s tal oscillator, p ll32, power ampli er, ena ble co ntrol, unde r voltag e dete c t a n d ope n d r ain switch for fsk operation. c r y s tal oscillator the reference oscillator is cry s tal-based pierce con g u ratio n . it is de sig ned to a c ce pt cry s tals with freque ncy fro m 9.375m hz to 14.0625m hz. c r y s tal oscillator parameters for a s k operation figure 4 sho w s a referen c e o scill ator circuit con guration for ask operation. the referenc e oscill ator is ca pable of driving cry s tals with esr range fro m 20 ? to 300 ? . whe n the es r of cry s tal is at 20 ? , the crys tal parameter limits are: esr 20 ? c par 2 to 10pf c mo 10 to 40ff figure 4. reference oscillat o r a s k operation whe n the esr of cry s tal is at 3 0 0 ? , the c r ys tal para m eter lim its are: esr 300 ? c par 2 to 5pf c mo 10 to 40ff c load 10 to 30pf
mic r el, inc . micrf 112 march 20 08 13 m999 9-03 100 8 (408) 9 44-0 8 0 0 c r y s tal oscillator for fs k operation figure 5 shows reference oscillator circuit con g u ra tion for fsk ope ration. t o o p e rate the micrf 112 in f s k mode, on e addition al ca pacito r is n eede d between xtalout pi n an d xtalmod pin. crystal param e t ers for fsk operation are the same as ask operation except: ? whe n the esr of cry s tal i s at 20 ? , c fsk + c load not to exceed 70pf. ? whe n the esr of cry s ta l is at 300 ? , c fsk + c load not to e x ceed 3 0pf figure 5. reference oscillat o r fsk operation pll 32 the functio n of pll32 i s to provide a stable ca rrie r freque ncy fo r transmissio n . it is a ?divid ed by 32 ? ph ase locked oscillator. po w e r ampli f ier the po we r a m plifier serv es two purpo se s: 1) to bu ffer the vco fro m extern al elements a nd 2) to am plify the pha se lo cked signal. th e power am plifier can p r odu ce +10 d bm at 3v (typical). enable c o ntrol enable cont rol gates the ask data. it only allows transmissio n whe n l o ck, amplitude an d unde r volt age detect conditions are valid. u n d e r vo ltag e d e t e ct ?un d e r volta ge d e tect ? bl ock sen s e s operating vol t age. if the operating voltage fa lls bel ow 1.6 v , ?unde r vol t age detect? block will send a si gnal to ?enable control ? bl ock to disabl e the pa. open drain s w i t ch open drain switch i s used for fsk op eration. fsk d a ta is fed i n to the fsk pin. th e fsk pin i s con n e c ted to the gate of the open d r ain switch. th e open colle cto r i s con n e c ted to the xtalmo d pi n. in fig u re 4, a capa citor is sh own co n necte d from xtalmod pi n to xtalout. whe n fsk pin g o e s high, the capa citor bet wee n xtalmod and xtalo u t pull s the freque ncy of r e f o s c l o w .
mic r el, inc . micrf 112 march 20 08 14 m999 9-03 100 8 (408) 9 44-0 8 0 0 applicati on inf o rm ation f i g u re 6. a s k 433.9 2 mhz an d 315mhz note: values in parenthesis are fo r 315mhz the micrf1 12 is well suit ed to drive a 50 ohm s source, monop ole o r a loop ante n n a . figure 6 i s an example o f a loop a n tenn a co nfiguratio n. figu re 6 also shows both 315m hz and 433.92m hz ask conf igurations for a l oop antenn a. be sides u s ing a different cry s tal, tabl e 1 li sts modified valu es ne ede d for the listed fre quen cie s . fr e que nc y (mhz) l1 (nh) c5 (pf) l4 (nh) c7 (pf) y1 (mhz) 3 1 5 . 0 4 7 0 1 0 1 5 0 6 . 8 9.843 7 5 433.9 2 6 8 0 1 0 8 2 4 . 7 13.56 0 0 ta ble 1 the referen c e de sign sho w n in figu re 6 ha s a n ant enna optimize d fo r usin g the mat c hin g net wo rk a s describe d in table 1. po w e r co ntr o l using external re sistor r7 is u s e d to adjust the rf output leve ls whi c h m a y be need ed to meet compli ance. as a n exampl e, the fo llo w i ng ta ble s lis t typ i ca l va lu es o f c o nd uc te d r f output levels and co rresp ondin g r7 re sisto r value s for the 50 ? test board sh own in figur e 2. r7 of the tx112 demo bo ard usin g the lo o p anten na ca n be adju s ted for the app ro pria te radi ated fi eld allo we d by fcc o r e t si compli an ce. conta c t micrel for sugge st ed value s to meet fcc a nd et si complian c es. r7, ? output po w e r , dbm idd, m a 0 1 0 6 . 7 7 5 8 . 5 6 . 3 1 0 0 8 . 0 6 . 2 5 0 0 1 . 6 4 . 1 3 100 0 - 3 . 8 4 . 8 7 o u t pu t po w e r versu s exte r n al resisto r a t 315mhz r7, ? output po w e r , dbm idd, m a 0 8 . 6 8 7 . 5 7 5 8 . 3 4 7 . 3 3 1 0 0 8 . 0 2 7 . 3 5 0 0 4 . 3 4 6 . 3 100 0 0 . 4 2 5 . 5 o u t pu t po w e r versu s exte r n al resisto r a t 433.92 mhz
micrel, inc. micrf112 march 2008 15 m9999-031008 (408) 944-0800 output matching network part of the function of the output network is to attenuate the second and third harmonics. when matching to a transmit frequency, care must be taken not only to optimize for maximum output power but to attenuate unwanted harmonics. layout issues pcb layout is of primary concern to achieve optimum performance and consistent manufacturing results. care must used on orientation of components to ensure they do not couple or decouple the rf signal. pcb trace length should be short to minimize parasitic inductance, (1 inch ~ 20nh). for example, depending on inductance values, a 0.5 inch trace can change the inductance by as much as 10%. to reduce para sitic inductance, the use of wide traces and a ground plane under signal traces is recommended. vias with low value inductance should be used for components requiring a connection-to-ground. antenna layout directivity is affected by antenna trace layout. no ground plane should be under the antenna trace. for consistent performance, components should not be placed inside the loop of the antenna. ge rbers for figure 7, with a suggested layout, can be obtained on the micrel web site at: http://www.micrel.com.
mic r el, inc . micrf 112 march 20 08 16 m999 9-03 100 8 (408) 9 44-0 8 0 0 pcb boar d a ssem bly d r aw i n g micrf 112 d e mo bo ard top la y e r micrf 112 d e mo bo ard bottom lay e r micrf 112 d e mo bo ard figure 7. demo board pcb
mic r el, inc . micrf 112 march 20 08 17 m999 9-03 100 8 (408) 9 44-0 8 0 0 f i g u re 8. t x 112-1 d e mo bo ard sch e mati c note: configu r ation is for ask operation. values in parenthesis are for 315m hz
micrel, inc. micrf112 march 2008 18 m9999-031008 (408) 944-0800 functional description of tx112-1 evaluation board. figure 7 shows the tx112-1 demo board pcb. figure 8 is a detailed schematic of the tx112-1. note that components labeled as np are to obtain different configurations including fsk mode of operation. table 2 describes each header pin connector used in the demo board. pin function name functional description j1-1 vdd 1.8v to 3.6v j1-2 ground vss j1-3 ask input modulating data input, ask or fsk j2-1 ref-osc external reference input j2-2 ground vss j2-3 enable enable in put, active high tx112-1-433.92 ask bill of materials item quantity ref part pcb footprint mfg p/n manufacturer 1 1 c1 10f 0805 grm21br60j106ke01l murata 2 1 c2 100pf 0603 grm1885c1h101ja01d murata 3 1 c5 10pf 0603 grm1885c1h100ja01d murata 4 3 r1,r4,r6 (np) 5 5 c6,c8,c11,c12,c15 (np) 6 1 c7 4.7pf 0603 grm1885c1h4r7ja01d murata 7 1 c10 0.1f 0603 grm188f51h104za01d murata 8 2 c13,c14 18pf 0603 grm1885c1h180ja01d murata 9 2 j1,j2 con3 tshr-114-s-02-a-gt 10 1 l1 680nh 0805 0805cs-680xjb coilcraft 11 1 l4 82nh 0603 0603cs-082nxjb coilcraft 12 1 l5 antenna antenna loop, part of pcb 13 1 r2 100k ? 0603 crcw0603100kfkea vishay 14 6 r3,r5,r7 r8,jpr1,jpr2 0 ? 0603 crc06030000z0ea vishay 13 1 u1 MICRF112YMM10 micrf112ym micrel 14 1 y1 13.560mhz xtal sa-13.5600-f-10-c-3-3 hib table 2
micrel, inc. micrf112 march 2008 19 m9999-031008 (408) 944-0800 tx112-1-315mhz ask bill of materials item quantity ref part pcb footprint mfg p/n manufacturer 1 1 c1 10f 0805 grm21br60j106ke01l murata 2 1 c2 100pf 0603 grm1885c1h101ja01d murata 3 1 c5 10pf 0603 grm1885c1h1000ja01d murata 4 3 r1,r4,r6 (np) 5 5 c6,c8,c11,c12,c15 (np) 6 1 c7 4.7pf 0603 grm1885c1h6r8ja01d murata 7 1 c10 0.1f 0603 grm188f51h104za01d murata 8 2 c13,c14 18pf 0603 grm1885c1h180ja01d murata 9 2 j1,j2 con3 tshr-114-s-02-a-gt 10 1 l1 470nh 0805 0805cs-470xjb coilcraft 11 1 l4 150nh 0603 0603cs-r15xjb coilcraft 12 1 l5 antenna antenna loop, part of pcb 13 1 r2 100k ? 0603 crcw0603100kfkea vishay 14 6 r3,r5,r7 r8,jpr1,jpr2 0 ? 0603 crc06030000z0ea vishay 13 1 u1 MICRF112YMM10 micrf112ym micrel 14 1 y1 9.84375mhz xtal sa-9.84375-f-10-c-3-3 hib table 3 fsk operation table 2 and 3 describe the ask operation for 433.92mhz and 315mhz. table 4 lists the component values t hat change between ask or fsk operation. please note that use of a high fsk data rate may excite parasitic resonant modes with some crys tal types. recommended crystals from table 2 and 3 are good for both ask and fsk. mode r1 r2 r5 r6 jpr1 jpr2 c8 ask np 100k ? 0 ? np 0 ? np np fsk 0 ? np np 100k ? np 0 ? (1)3.3pf (2)10pf notes: 1. c8 = 3.3pf for 1khz using hc49/u or hc49us type crystals. 2. c8= 10pf for 10khz using hc49/u, (high profile) only. table 4: ask and fsk settings r3 r4 constant on 0 ? np external standby control np 100k ? table 5: enable control (shutdown)
mic r el, inc . micrf 112 march 20 08 20 m999 9-03 100 8 (408) 9 44-0 8 0 0 package inform ation 10-pin mso p pack ag e t y p e (ymm10) micrel, inc. 2180 fortune drive san jose, ca 9513 1 usa t e l + 1 (408) 9 44-0 800 f a x + 1 (408) 47 4-1 000 w eb http:// w w w . micr el.c o m the information f u rnished b y micrel in this data sh eet is belie ved to be accurate and reliable. ho w e ver, no responsibility is a ssumed by micr el for its use. micrel reserves the right to change circuitry a nd specifications at an y time w i tho u t notification to the customer. micrel products are not designed or autho ri zed for use as components in life support app liances, devices or sy stems where malfu nction of a product r e a s o n a b l y b e expected to res u lt in personal injury . life suppo rt devices or sy ste m s are devices or s y stems that (a ) are in tende d f o r s u r g i c a l i m p l a into the bod y or (b) support o r sustain life, and w h o s e failure to perf o rm can be re asonabl y e x pected to result in a significan t injury to th e user. a purchaser?s use or sale of micrel products for use in life support appli ances, devices or s y stems is at purchaser?s ow n risk an d purchaser agre e s to fully indemnif y micrel for an y dam ages resulting fro m such use or sale. c a n n t ? 2007 micrel, in corporated.

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